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Integument or Skin and its Derivatives in Vertebrates

Integument or Skin and its Derivatives in Vertebrates

Definition of Integument The term integument is applied to the outermost protective covering of the animal body, the skin, and its various derivatives. Skin also includes the conjunctiva of eyeballs and external surface of eardrums. It is directly continuous with the mucous epithelial lining of mouth, rectum, nostrils, eyelids and urinogenital ducts. Functions of integument

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Placenta in Mammals (Placentation)

Placentation in Mammals What is Placenta Modes of embryonic nutrition differ in different mammals. Prototheria or monotremes (Tachyglossus, Ornithorhynchus) are oviparous like most reptiles and birds. They produce large, heavily yolked and shelled eggs. The vitelline vessels developed in the wall of yolk sac carry yolky nutrients to the developing embryo. There is no uterine

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Classification of Moth

Moth

Moth belong to the order Lepidoptera, which also includes butterflies. Moths are distinguished by their dark or dull-patterned wings. The group is paraphyletic with regard to butterflies (suborder Rhopalocera), and neither subordinate taxon is used in current classifications. Previously, they were classed as suborder Heterocera. The great majority of the order consists of moths. Moths

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Classification of Cicada

Cicada

Cicada have membranous front wings, short antennae, and prominent eyes spaced widely apart. In most species, their drum-like tymbals quickly buckle and unbuckle to generate an incredibly loud song. Current species of Cicadomorpha can be found worldwide in moderate to tropical regions; the earliest known fossils date back to the Upper Permian. Usually found in

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Aphids

Aphids

Aphids are tiny insects that feed on sap and belong to the Hemipteran order’s Aphididae family. Although individuals within a species can differ greatly in color, common names include “greenfly” and “blackfly.” The fluffy white woolly aphids are part of the group. In a typical life cycle, flightless females give live birth to female nymphs

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Belostoma

Belostoma

Belostoma, also referred to as huge water bugs, is a genus of insects belonging to the hemipteran family Belostomatidae. This genus’s members are indigenous to freshwater environments throughout the Americas, with tropical South America having the highest species richness.Although Belostoma is still a genus with a large number of members, the majority of species in

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DragonFly

DragonFly

A dragonfly is a flying insect that is a member of the Anisoptera infraorder, which is subordinate to the Odonata order. There are currently about 3,000 species of dragonflies. There are fewer species in temperate climates, and the majority are tropical. Dragonfly populations worldwide are under risk due to the loss of wetland habitat. Adult

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Termites

Termites

A class of eusocial insects known as termites eats a wide range of decomposing plant matter, usually in the form of wood, leaf litter, and soil humus. They have been referred to as “white ants” because of their soft-bodied, unpigmented worker caste and beaded (moniliform) antennae, but they are actually highly derived cockroaches rather than

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Forficula (Earwig)

Forficula (Earwig)

The genus Forficula belongs to the family of earwigs. Carl Linnaeus, a Swedish biologist, initially defined Forficulidae in the 10th edition of Systema Naturae in 1758. Earwigs, once tiny pinchers, are known by the Latin name Forficula. The genus is native to Afro-Eurasia, mainly Europe, and is found on every continent except Antarctica. Forficula auricularia is the

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Phyllium (Leaf Insect)

Phyllium (Leaf Insect)

Within the family Phylliidae (Phasmatodea), Phyllium is the largest and most common genus of leaf insects. They are found in Australasia, Wallacea, Sundaland, and the Philippine Islands. Classification of Phyllium (Leaf Insect) Phylum – Arthropoda (Jointed Appendages) Class – Insecta (3 pairs of legs.) Sub-class – Pterygota (Winged insects.) Division – Exopterygota (Wings develop externally.)

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Gryllotalpa

Gryllotalpa

Gryllotalpa is an omnivore species. The mole cricket digs underground and feeds on insects, plant roots, and larvae. It only surfaces at night, primarily during the mating season. It can also fly when females are looking for males or when they are shifting their territory. Males use chirping to summon females. In certain areas, this

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