Molecular Biology

Protein synthesis is the biological process through which cells use genetic information to produce proteins. It is one of the most important processes in molecular biology because proteins perform a huge variety of functions, including catalysis, transport, structural support, signaling, defense, movement, and regulation. The information required to make a protein is stored in DNA. […]

RNA Splicing Explained: Process, Mechanism & Types RNA Splicing: The Process, Mechanism, and Types Explained Genetic information doesn’t leave the nucleus exactly as it was transcribed. Before a eukaryotic messenger RNA is ready to direct protein synthesis, large internal chunks of the transcript are cut out, and the remaining pieces are stitched back together. This

STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF RNA The central dogma—that DNA makes RNA that makes protein—presented evolutionary biologists with a knotty puzzle: if nucleic acids are required to direct the synthesis of proteins, and proteins are required to synthesize nucleic acids, how could this system of interdependent components have arisen? One view is that an RNA world

DNA REPAIR DNA REPAIR :- Mutations include almost every conceivable permanent change in DNA sequence. The simplest mutations are switches of one base for another. There are two kinds: transitions, which are pyrimidine-to-pyrimidine and purine-to-purine substitutions, such as T to C and A to G; and transversions, which are pyrimidine-to-purine and purine-to-pyrimidine substitutions, such as

DNA RECOMBINATION DNA RECOMBINATION:- Genetic exchange works constantly to blend and rearrange chromosomes, most obviously during meiosis, when homologous chromosomes pair before the first nuclear division. During this pairing, genetic exchange between the chromosomes occurs. This exchange, classically termed crossing over, is one of the results of homologous recombination. Recombination involves the physical exchange of

DNA REPLICATION The ability of a cell to survive and proliferate in a chaotic environment depends on the accurate duplication of the vast quantity of genetic information carried in its DNA. This duplication process, called DNA replication, must occur before a cell can divide to produce two genetically identical daughter cells. Maintaining order in a

DNA – Deoxyribonucleic acid Everybody of us might have heard about this phrases like “its in your genes”, “ genes transfer information”, “ genes are responsible for similarities of parents with their offspring”, so and so and so. Now the question rises what are these genes?  How they carry so much of information? And the